Read short summaries every other week on the latest oncology focused peer-reviewed literature published by Oncotarget.
Oncotarget’s Volume 12, Issue #1
New Publications
Cover Paper: Drug resistant cells with very large proliferative potential grow exponentially in metastatic prostate cancer
Origin: Maryland, Virginia, Florida, New York, United States
Institutions: Johns Hopkins University, National Science Foundation, Jackson Memorial Hospital, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, James J. Peters Veterans Affairs Medical Center
Summary: Researchers in this study use scaling analysis to show that, in patients with prostate cancer who must be administered different treatments, drug resistant and metastasis-causing cells often emerge and are responsible for producing multi-drug resistant, exponentially growing tumors.
Editorial Paper: Cancer vaccines: the importance of targeting oncogenic drivers and the utility of combinations with immune checkpoint inhibitors
Origin: North Carolina, United States
Institution: Duke University
Quote: “This process can further prime the immune response, as additional antigens are released from dying cancer cells and presented in secondary lymphoid organs [1]. Despite this relatively straightforward premise, the complexity of the process has led to many questions regarding the best antigen targets, vectors, timing, and combinations to optimize cancer vaccine therapeutic efficacy.”
Editorial Paper: Carving a niche for immunotherapy in ovarian cancer
Origin: Maryland, United States
Institution: National Cancer Institute
Quote: “Ovarian cancer is one of the most aggressive women’s cancers and is difficult to treat in its advanced stages, where tumor recurrence and chemotherapy resistance are commonplace. As such, clinical trials with novel drug combination strategies including PARP inhibitors and immune checkpoint blockade (ICB) have proliferated to address this unmet clinical need.”
Editorial Paper: Glioma immunoediting, a driver of tumor evolution, and the next battle for immunotherapy
Origin: Illinois, California, United States
Institutions: Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Parker Institute for Cancer Immunotherapy
Quote: “Cancer immunoediting has been proposed as a mechanism where the adaptive and innate immunity sculpts the immunogenicity of developing tumors, selecting for tumor cell variants that can evade immune surveillance [1–3]. If anti-tumoral immunity is capable of recognizing some tumor cell variants and not others, cancer immunoediting likely influences the evolutionary path of the cancer.”
Research Perspective: Combination therapies for MPNSTs targeting RABL6A-RB1 signaling
Origin: Iowa, United States
Institution: University of Iowa
Summary: Researchers discuss the rationale and clinical benefits of inhibiting multiple RABL6A effectors, particularly CDK4/6 and MEK kinases, in targeted combination therapies suitable for malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumors (MPNSTs) and other Ras-driven malignancies.
Research Paper: Characterization of FGFR signaling in prostate cancer stem cells and inhibition via TKI treatment
Origin: California, United States
Institution: University of California San Diego
Summary: This study provides evidence for the first time that FGFR1 plays an essential role in the proliferation of prostate cancer stem cells at a molecular and cellular level, and suggests that TKI targeting of FGFR signaling may be a promising strategy for AR-independent CRPC.
Research Paper: Total lesion glycolysis in oral squamous cell carcinoma as a biomarker derived from pre-operative FDG PET/CT outperforms established prognostic factors in a newly developed multivariate prediction model
Origin: Regensburg, Germany
Institution: University Hospital Regensburg
Summary: This retrospective study investigated the impact of image derived biomarkers prior to surgical resection in patients with an initial diagnosis of oral squamous cell carcinoma to predict overall survival.
Research Paper: The noradrenergic profile of plasma metanephrine in neuroblastoma patients is reproduced in xenograft mice models and arise from PNMT downregulation
Origin: Lausanne, Switzerland
Institutions: Lausanne University Hospital, University of Lausanne
Summary: Researchers validated the use of murine neuroblastoma patient-derived xenografts as a pertinent model to mimic neuroblastoma from patients. They demonstrated that the noradrenergic phenotype of neuroblastoma is due to PNMT downregulation in PNMT.
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